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The 360 degree Bipolar Transducer technology used in Mobius speaker is proprietary to Artistic Audio, Inc. Application for U.S. Letters Patent for the technology was filed on July 5, 1994, docket number 22986-A. Artistic Audio, Inc., received Notice of Allowance on the application July 14, 1997, and U.S. Patent No. 5,701,358 was issued on December 01, 1997.
Prior Art
In known loudspeakers of this kind, the diaphragm is either a funnel, dome or calotte shape. When set into oscillation it transmits sound in a selected direction. For good stereophonic sound
reproduction, known loudspeakers have to be arranged in such a way that the sound waves emitted there from converge at one point or one area in which the listeners should be located. This leads to drawbacks and limitations. The positioning of the loudspeaker and in relation to the number of listeners who can be located in the preferred listening area. In addition, known loudspeakers have to be installed in cabinets. For example, closed box form or bass reflex cabinets, and in some cases must have carefully calculated acoustic screening or dampening to avoid any acoustic short circuiting from sound waves radiated from the rear side of the diaphragm. These known loudspeakers arranged in boxes or cabinets are therefore frequently bulky and due to the additional cost of the cabinet, relatively expensive.
It is recognized that the total acoustic output of a loudspeaker is proportional to the radiating outer face, the square of the amplitude of movement of the diaphragm and the square of the frequency. Otherwise stated, in a loudspeaker of the known kind, the diaphragms act substantially as a piston, the radiating face of which proportional to the square of the diameter of the circle defined by the outer edge of the diaphragm. As a consequence in the case of low sound frequencies, and for a prescribed diameter of diaphragm, the amplitude of the movement of the diaphragm must be large to achieve a high acoustic sound output.
One type of prior art uses opposing diaphragms driven electrically in and out of phase. These Dipole (Out of phase) or Bipole (Out of phase) systems transmit sound in wider hemispherical regions that begin to approximate the ideal sound source of a pulsating sphere. Numerous methods have been utilized to achieve this ideal, however mechanical limitations have plagued each of these methods, resulting in increased distortion by-products, less than optimum efficiency and limited bandwidth.
Summary of the Invention
It is an object of present invention to mitigate the disadvantages of known loudspeakers and to provide an electrodynamic loudspeaker of the type first set forth above which radiates sound substantially in all directions and which, for a prescribed diameter of the diaphragm, has a clearly larger acoustic sound output than known loudspeakers with the same movement of the diaphragm, or with a smaller motion of the diaphragm, obtains the same acoustic sound output as known loudspeakers.
A loudspeaker of this nature, when energized with an electrical signal, acts like a pulsating sphere to send the sound waves emanating therefrom practically uniformly in all directions, without there being any preferred direction. As a result it is no longer necessary for a listener to be in any preferred direction of reception of the sound waves, or to seek an area where a number of preferred sound radiation directions are thought to converge. Moreover, the loudspeaker may be placed in any position without regard to specific or peculiar local circumstances affecting acoustic radiation. In addition, the output surface of this loudspeaker is substantially the same as that of the sphere defined by the two diaphragms. Thus, for a prescribed diameter, the total acoustic output of the loudspeaker according to the invention is in the neighborhood of four times that of a loudspeaker with a funnel diaphragm, assuming the same displacement or diaphragm in the two cases.
Stated otherwise, a substantially lesser movement of the diaphragm of the loudspeaker according to the invention in comparison with a funnel diaphragm of a known loudspeaker can achieve the same
acoustic sound output. Further the diaphragms of the loudspeaker of this invention have, despite their relatively large diameter, a high degree of mechanical stiffness because of their shape. Finally there is no need to arrange the loudspeaker of the invention in a box or, as already stated, to dampen the sound waves at the rear side of the diaphragm. The loudspeaker may simply be placed on a stand, hung from the ceiling or mounted to a wall.
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